Méthodes analytiques en géosciences

This course provides an introduction to the main analytical methods used in the geosciences. It outlines the various stages of the analytical workflow, ranging from the sampling and preparation of rock, sediment, soil, water, and air samples to their analysis and the interpretation of results. Key techniques covered include spectrometry, chromatography, mass spectrometry, and microscopic analysis methods. Particular emphasis is placed on the operating principles of these methods, their fields of application, and their advantages and limitations within the context of geoscience and environmental issues.
Practical sessions enable students to gain hands-on experience with the analytical process. Working in groups, they explore a specific methodology in depth and carry out each step, from sampling to measurement and data interpretation. Each group examines the application of their chosen methodology to a specific geoscience or environmental problem. The results are presented and discussed with the entire class. This approach fosters peer learning and allows students to develop an interdisciplinary perspective on analytical methods and their contribution to addressing major challenges in the geosciences.

By the end of the course, students should be able to:

- Describe the principles, fields of application, and main limitations of analytical methods commonly used in the geosciences.
- Identify the essential stages of an analytical workflow, from sampling and sample preparation to measurement and data interpretation.
- Select an appropriate analytical method based on the nature of the sample (rock, sediment, soil, air, or water) and the specific geoscience problem being investigated.
- Implement an analytical procedure during practical sessions and critically evaluate its quality and limitations.
- Interpret analytical data within the context of geoscience and environmental issues.
- Synthesize and communicate scientific results through group work and oral presentations, while developing interdisciplinary knowledge through peer interaction.

Required and Corequired knowledge and skills

Basic knowledge of chemistry is required to take this course, particularly to understand the fundamental principles of the various analytical methods covered.

The course combines theoretical lectures—covering the principles and applications of key analytical methods in the geosciences—with laboratory practical sessions. These sessions allow students to familiarize themselves with the various stages of an analytical workflow, ranging from sample preparation to measurement and data interpretation.
Laboratory work is carried out in groups, focusing on specific methodologies and geoscience research questions. Students subsequently present their approach and findings to the class, thereby fostering discussion, peer learning, and the development of scientific communication skills. Participation in the practical sessions is mandatory.

Course notes

• Université virtuelle

Contacts

Steeve.Bonneville@ulb.be
François.Fripiat@ulb.be
Karen.Fontijn@ulb.be
Nadine.Mattielli@ulb.be

Campus

Solbosch, Outside campus ULB

Method(s) of evaluation

• Continuous assessment
• Oral presentation
• Group work

Continuous assessment

Oral presentation

Group work

Assessment is based on group work—comprising a written report and an oral presentation—as well as active participation in laboratory sessions. Continuous assessment will be conducted during practical work, taking into account factors such as the students' engagement, rigor, autonomy, and participation throughout the various stages of the experimental work.

The report and oral presentation will be evaluated based on the understanding of the scientific context and the research problem, mastery of the analytical methodology employed, incorporation of corrections and feedback provided during the work, and the quality of the interpretation and discussion of the key results. 

Mark calculation method (including weighting of intermediary marks)

The final mark will be distributed as follows: 40% for the report, 40% for the oral presentation, and 20% for the work done during the course.

Language(s) of evaluation

• french
• english